Introduction to Inductive Bible Study

Undoubtedly, there are many ways to study the Bible.  But I would like to focus on one way in particular – inductive study.

Over the years a number of people have chimed in with their two cents in regards to this method of study (Click here to read what other people are saying).

A principle primer for this type of study is the book, Methodical Bible Study (1952) by Robert A. Traina which has then been fully developed over the past 60 years and placed within the technical, academic book, Inductive Bible Study (2010) by David R. Bauer and Robert A. Traina. In the preface of the book, Eugene Peterson writes,

“It only took three or four weeks in Professor Traina’s classroom for me to become aware of a seismic change beginning to take place within me regarding the Bible. . . . When I entered Professor Traina’s classroom, I had a Ptolemaic understanding of the Bible: I was the center (my will, my questions, my needs) around which the Bible turned. After three years in that classroom, I was a thorough going Copernican: the Bible was the center (God’s will, Christ’s questions, the Spirit’s gifts) around which I turned. . . . My sense is that this way of reading the Bible–and living the Bible–has been transformative for thousands; probably by now the number must run into the millions.”

There are three books that I have read or scanned which promote inductive Bible study in an easy-to-understand way:

Precept Ministries produced a very helpful study Bible in 1992:  The International Inductive Study Bible.

The Answers-in-Genesis Sunday School Curriculum, utilized by Berean Baptist Church in Idaho Falls is based on the inductive Bible study method of (1) observation, (2) interpretation, and (3) application.

So here we go . . . Robertson McQuilkin defines “Induction” as – “A reasoning process that begins with specific, individual items and puts them together to form a general principle or conclusion.”

Are you ready for inductive Bible study?

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A Bible reading plan

  1. Why read the Bible?
  • Joshua 1:8
  • Matthew 4:4
  • John 8:31-32, 6:63, 14:23-24
  • Acts 20:32
  • Romans 15:4
  • II Timothy 3:16-17
  • Hebrews 4:12
  1. What is your Bible Reading Plan?
  • Plow work – reading through the Bible once a year

There are several reasons why I like the The NKJV Daily Bible

  • If I miss some reading, I just pick it back up on whatever is the calendar day.
  • I immensely enjoy the portion from Psalms for worship and prayer.
  • I benefit greatly from the wisdom imparted from a few proverbs.
  • When I read portions from the Old Testament and New Testament, I see the links that establish unity of God and His redemptive plan.
  • Spade work – more concentrated reading and study on a particular topic or book

To avoid ritualistic devotions, know yourself, and know what feeds you best

  1. How do you read your Bible?
  • Consider what time of day that you will read
  • Is it helpful to have a pen or highlighter?
  • Approach your reading with a prayerful, humble heart
  1. What are your top three questions that you ask when reading the Bible?

Here are my suggestions:

  • How is God revealed?
  • How do I need to respond?
  • How can I be encouraged in the gospel?
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Living By the Book

Title – Living By the Book

Authors – Howard G. Hendricks and William D. Hendricks

Publisher – Chicago:  Moody Press, 1991

A friend loaned me this copy.  It has become so wildly popular that the book has been revised with a supplement workbook and video series.  You can find it all on www.livingbythebook.net.

Regarding Observation

I like what Hendricks says on page 39, “You want to transport your senses into the passage.  If there’s a sunset, see it.  If there’s an odor, smell it.  If there’s a cry of anguish, feel it.”  Chuck Swindoll learned to do this under the tutelage of Dr. Hendricks.  And this is what makes Beth Moore popular among people today.

“What makes a person a better Bible student than another?  He can see more, that’s all.  The same truth is available to both of them in the text.  The only difference between them is what either one can see in a cubic foot of space” (p. 47).

Regarding some of our problems with Bible study

“The church today is leading people to Christ, but sometimes they are in the faith for ten, fifteen, or even twenty years without learning how to study the Bible.  The reason?  They don’t know where to begin.  They don’t know how to go about it” (p. 96).

“Yet I’m convinced that the reason Scripture seems dull to so many people is that we come to it dully” (p. 103).

_____

Friends, I do believe that if you pick up Hendrick’s book and read it, you will be fired up about attempting your own personal inductive Bible study.

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How To Study Your Bible

Title – How To Study Your Bible:  The Lasting Rewards of the Inductive Approach

Author – Kay Arthur

Publisher – Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers, 1994

Kay Arthur started Bible study in America the year that I was born – 1969.  And for 45 years, she has not stopped in promoting inductive Bible study through Precept Ministries.

I graduated with my B.A. in Christian Missions in 1992, and then I bought The International Inductive Study Bible (NASB) when I enrolled for an M.A. in Theology in 1993.  One of my seminary professors, Dr. Stewart Custer, highly recommended this resource study Bible.

After my seminary days and returning to Idaho Falls for ministry, I connected with some of the Precept Bible studies.  I even went to a Precept training conference in Salt Lake City.

Kay offers a good outline for (1) observation, (2) interpretation, and (3) application of the Bible text in this handy resource for the average church member.

She offers simple, good insights:

“When you know what God says, what He means, and how to put His truths into practice, you will be equipped for every circumstance in life” (p. 12).

“If you rush into interpretation without laying the vital foundation of observation, your understanding becomes colored by your own presuppositions–what you think, what you feel, or what other people have said” (p. 23).

“Be very wary if in your study you find something that no one else has ever seen before.  God probably would not blind godly men to truth for almost 2,000 years and suddenly reveal it to you” (p. 65).

“The Bible is one revelation without contradiction” (p. 73).

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The Peace Maker

Title – The Peace Maker:  A Biblical Guide to Resolving Personal Conflict

Author – Ken Sande

Publisher – Grand Rapids:  Baker Books, 2008, 9th printing, revised and expanded

A pastor friend in Idaho Falls lent to me this book.  I read it from cover to cover.  As a result, I preached a four-part sermon series on conflict and gospel grace reconciliation.

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

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What are some people saying about inductive Bible study?

Kay Arthur, “There are many ways to study the Bible, and there are many excellent study aids available to help you with specific books of the Bible.  But the most important thing you need to remember is that to find out what the Bible says, you need to read it yourself in a way that will help you discover what it says, what it means, and how you are to apply it to your life.  And the best way to do this is through the process called inductive study.  Inductive study doesn’t tell you what the Bible means or what you should believe.  Instead, it teaches you a method of studying God’s Word that can be applied to any portion of Scripture at any time for the rest of your life” (p. 7) – How to Study Your Bible (1994).

Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, “The key to good exegesis, and therefore to a more intelligent reading of the Bible, is to learn to read the text carefully and to ask the right questions of the text.  One of the best things one could do in this regard would be to read Mortimer J. Adler’s How to Read a Book (1940, revised edition, with Charles Van Doren [New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972]).  Our experience over many years in college and seminary teaching is that many people simply do not know how to read well.  To read or study the Bible intelligently demands careful reading, and this includes learning to ask the right questions of the text” (p. 26) – How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, third edition (2003).

Skip Heitzig, “Here’s the bottom line on Bible study tools: I have traveled in many parts of the world where even the best-equipped pastors have only a study Bible, a concordance, and perhaps a Bible dictionary.  Three or four books at most—and no computer resources at all!  These pastors have learned how to study the Scriptures inductively on their own, without relying on commentaries or other tools” (p. 26) – How to Study The Bible and Enjoy It, Revised and Expanded (2002).

Howard G. Hendricks and William D. Hendricks, “Let’s begin with a definition.  I define method in Bible study with three statements. . . . Method is methodicalness, with a view to becoming receptive and reproductive, by means of firsthand acquaintance with the Word (pp. 35-36) – Living By The Book (1991).

William W. Klein, Craig L. Blomberg, and Robert L. Hubbard, “In an extremely insightful essay, ‘Our Hermeneutical Inheritance,’ Roger Lundin traces the historical and philosophical roots of contemporary approaches to understanding.  He compares the deductive approach of Descartes with the more inductive one of Bacon.  He then shows how American Christians in the nineteenth century combined Scottish common-sense-realism with the scientific approach of Bacon to develop their basic hermeneutical approach.  Lundin observes, ‘To get at the meaning of the Bible, they merely employed the inductive techniques exploited with considerable success by the natural scientists.’ He argues that ‘inductive Bible study’ was very much the product of historical processes, particularly the assimilation of Enlightenment thought in America, and not necessarily the only, or a self-evident and universally superior method.  Interestingly, Lundin observes how this fascination with the inductive approach to biblical interpretation opened the door for any individual, group, denomination, or cult to sanction its beliefs based on its own exacting study of the Scriptures” (pp. 155-156) – Introduction to Biblical Interpretation, Revised and Expanded (2004).

John MacArthur, “If you have visited your Christian bookstore lately, you know there are dozens of Bible study helps on the market.  You can soon become swamped in reading the titles and, after choosing a book, you can spend hours familiarizing yourself with its contents, and still not really be into actual study of the Bible!  My solution is something you may have heard of—inductive Bible study” (p. 173) – Why Believe the Bible? Second Edition (2007).

Robertson McQuilkin, “Induction – A reasoning process that begins with specific, individual items and puts them together to form a general principle or conclusion” (p. 362) – Understanding and Applying the Bible, Revised and Expanded (2009).

Grant R. Osborne, “The inductive study of the Bible takes place primarily in the charting of the book and paragraphs in order to determine the structural development of the writer’s message at both the macro (book) and micro (paragraph) levels.  The result is a preliminary idea regarding the meaning and thought development of the text.  This is important so that we interact with exegetical tools (commentaries and so forth) critically rather than uncritically, merely parroting the views of others (an all too common problem in term papers)” (p. 30) – The Hermeneutical Spiral, Revised and Expanded (2006).

Howard F. Vos, “The inductive method is in a peculiar way designed to enable one to develop rapidly in the ability to do independent Bible study” (p. 16) – Effective Bible Study, A Guide to Sixteen Methods, Fourteenth Printing, (1975).

Rick Warren, “Chapter Analysis, when done with the Book Survey and Book Synthesis Methods, enables you to understand the Bible in the way in which it was written—in whole books.  It is also a method in which you use limited outside helps, thus enabling you to learn the Scriptures on your own.  Dawson Trotman, found and first president of The Navigators, believed that this method was the major means of a Christian’s intake of the Word of God.  Hundreds of men and women in the early days of the organization were trained to do chapter analysis, and received a biblical education comparable to that available in Bible institutes and colleges” (pp. 173-174) – Personal Bible Study Methods:  12 Ways to Study the Bible on Your Own (1981).

Roy B. Zuck, “Several factors point to the importance of giving attention to the grammar of Scripture (the meaning of words and sentences and the way they are put together).  If we believe the Bible is verbally inspired, as discussed in chapter 1, we believe every word of Scripture is important.  Some words and sentences may not hold the same degree of importance other words or sentences have in the Bible, but all words and sentences in the Bible serve a purpose.  Otherwise why would God have included them?  Only grammatical interpretation fully honors the verbal inspiration of Scripture.  If a person does not believe the Bible is verbally inspired, then it is inconsistent or at least strange for him to give much attention to the words of Scripture” (p. 99) – Basic Bible Interpretation:  A Practical Guide to Discovering Biblical Truth (1991).

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My Belief Profile

Essentials (Non-negotiable to the essence of my Christian belief)

  1. The Bible is the sufficient and completely trustworthy Word of God.
  2. God is triune – one God existing in three Persons, Father, Son, and Spirit.
  3. God created out of nothing, clearly distinguishing between Creator and creatures.
  4. Man sins, deserves hell, but God lovingly offers full redemption.
  5. Jesus died in our place, for the penalty of our sins, and three days later rose again from the grave.
  6. Salvation is by grace alone through faith alone in Christ alone.
  7. Sanctification is sourced in God’s grace, too.
  8. The Holy Spirit is our power.
  9. The family is designed by God. Marriage is between a man and a woman.
  10. The Church is Christ’s Body.
  11. We should humbly love one another.
  12. We should submit to human authorities ordained by God.
  13. We should take the gospel to the whole world.
  14. Because we are completely dependent, we must pray about everything.
  15. Jesus is coming again.
  16. Jesus is King over all.

Personal Convictions

  1. Mildly Dispensational rather than Reformed – I do not see the Church, having begun in the New Testament, as fulfilling the land promises given to national Israel in the Old Testament.
  2. Young, earth creationist.
  3. Mildly Calvinistic over Arminian – I do not see belief in (1) God’s gracious election and (2) Christ dying for all, as contradictory.
  4. Mild cessationist rather than continuist – I do not see the continuation of modern apostles and sign gifts in the same sense as introduced in the book of Acts.
  5. Complementarian rather than egalitarian roles in family and church.
  6. Congregationalism – Congregational membership matters with elders leading and deacons serving.
  7. The gospel is visibly expressed through the ordinances of believer’s water baptism and the Lord’s Supper.
  8. A pre-tribulational, pre-millennial return of Christ.

Personal Preferences

  1. I prefer teaching from the New King James Version of the Bible, but I am comfortable with utilizing other Bible translations.
  2. I prefer expository preaching and small group inductive studies in individual books of the Bible.
  3. I prefer singing ancient and modern hymns and anthems in public worship, set to traditional instruments, but I listen to quite a variety of Christian songs.
  4. I prefer the multiplication of smaller, congregational church plants throughout a city.
  5. I prefer utilizing Idaho’s great outdoors as a means for intentional gospel outreach with others.
  6. I prefer ministering in the city of Idaho Falls above all the other cities in America. I love its people.
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February in Idaho Falls??

You won’t believe this . . .

In shorts and a t-shirt, I took a jog around the downtown Snake River greenbelt today.

Can you believe this weather that we are having?

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The Evolution of Bible Study

Title –  The Evolution of Bible Study

Author – Henry Drummond

Publisher – New York: Edwin S Gorham, 1901

I acquired this small, hardback book from my great, great grandfather’s collection.  Andrew Fleming writes a glowing introduction in New York, August 1, 1901 for this formal address that Drummond delivered to a vast audience of clergymen and students.

Back in my seminary days, I read Drummond’s book, The Greatest Thing in the World.  The topic was love.  But the theme of this address was much different – the Genesis account in creation.

Drummond mentions that the interpretation of Genesis 1 has gone through three stages (he prefers stage 3):

  • Stage 1 of interpretation – The world was made in six literal days.
  • Stage 2 of interpretation – The reconcilers:  they worked hard at the order recorded in Genesis, and tried to harmonize with the order of geology.
  • Stage 3 of interpretation – The first chapter of Genesis does not contain and does not profess to be a scientific account of the creation.  It is not an account of how the world was made.

One hundred and fifteen years ago, Henry Drummond advocated the new science of literary criticism, which I find contrary to a faithful interpretation of Scripture.

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Family Shepherds

Book Title – Family Shepherds:  Calling and Equipping Men to Lead Their Homes

Publisher – Crossway: Wheaton, Illinois, 2010

Author – Voddie Baucham Jr.

The author expresses his convictions:  (1) complementarian rather than egalitarian roles in the home and (2) gospel rather than moralism.

I benefited from Baucham’s sections on the gospel and family worship.

He warns the reader about Michael Pearl’s book, To Train Up a Child, declaring some of Pearl’s thoughts as “Pelagianism 101” and “classic behaviorism.”

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